Hydraulic-elevator mechanism



(No Model.) 2 SheetS -Sheet 1.

E. B. BENHAM. HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR MEGHANISM.

No. 380,851. Patented Apr. 10, 1888.

' 11,4148 awe 16A (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2;

E. B. BENHAM.

' HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR MECHANISM.

No. 380,851. V Patented Apr. 10, 1888.

W T 4%% W4 a walt/fwd N. PETERS. PhulwLiihogmphor, Washinglnn. n. c.

STATES UNITE ATENT Fries.

ELIJAH B. BENHAM, OF HOLYOKE, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 380,851, dated April 10 1888.

Application filed August 29, 1887. Serial No. 248.144. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that LELIJAH BAILEYBENHAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Holyoke, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic-Elevator Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hydraulicelevator devices, and pertains, essentially, to reversing mechanism for controlling the rotary motions of the driving-shaft of ahydraulic motor with which is connected a winding-drum and cable, or other suitable devices, for giving the required reverse motions to an elevator-cage or other similar device; and the invention consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of said reversing mechanism, all as hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an elevator-motor embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a rear end elevation. Fig. 3isa vertical section of the valve-case of the motor, of the reversing-wheel and cam,and ofavalve-operating rod and ratchet-gear. Fig. atis a plan view of thebase of themotor. Fig. 5isa perspective view of the reversing-wheel, the cam, the ratchet-gear and pawl, and the valve. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the clutch devices and valve-controlling segments. Fig. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of one of said segments. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the pawl. Fig. 9 is an elevation of one side of the reversing-wheel, showing the cam groove therein.

In the drawings, 2 is the base or standard of the motor, having interior vertical water-pas sages therein, one through which water is conducted to the interior of the valve-ease 3 by the passage 4, and one through which water which escapes from the valve-case by the passage 5 runs freely from the motor. Water is supplied to the'motor under pressure through the pipe 6, which is connected with the said base, and the exhaust-water is conducted from said base by the pipe 7. The said valvecase 3 is secured to the top of the base 2 by bolts, as shown, and to its front end is bolted the head 8 of the motor. Said head 8 is constructed with a series of cylinders, 9, whose outer ends are adapted to receive water from the valvechamber in the valve-case 8 through suitable water-passages in said head. Said water-passages converge around a central point on the rear side of the head 8, and the enlarged end of the valve Sl has a bearing against said rear side of the head, and is, by a connection with the driving-shaft 30, hereinafter described, caused to rotate, thereby alternately covering and uncovering the ends of said water-passages and permitting'the water to flow to and from said cylinders, the latter being provided with the ordinary pistons having the usual pitmanconnection with the crank 10 on saiddrivingshaft. Water from said valve-chamber is free to pass directly into such of said passages as are not covered by the end of said valve, (its bearing end being only semicircular,-) and water from the cylinders enters the open end of the valve, passes partly through :it longitudinally, and escapes through the openings or ports 12 in its sides, and thence into the eX- I haust-passage 5 of the base 2 of the motor, as aforesaid.

By means of the above-described action of the valve 3l,to control the supply of water to the cylinders of the motor, the said drivingshaft is given a rotary motion in one direction, while the said open end of the valve is caused to rotate (in connection with the driving-shaft) in regular successive relation to said waterpassages leading to the cylinders; but when said valve isvgiven a slight rotary movement on said shaft, whereby its said regular action inrelation to said passages is disturbed, the water is given a different direction to and from the cylinders,and the pistons are caused to so act as to reverse the motion of the drivingshaft.

To attain the above-described action of the valve 31 and the said motion-reversing results, the valve is connected with and operated by mechanism as below described, and said mech anism is also connected with a stop-valve, 13, in the supply-pipe 6 of the motor, whereby the action of the valve 3i and said stop-valve is made simultaneous. Asleeve, 14, is bolted to the rear end of the valve case 3, (see Fig. 3,) through which the rear end of the valve extends, and the driving-shaft 30 extends entirely through said valve. A valve-reversing pulley, 32, having a hub projecting from one side, is fitted to have a free reciprocating rotary motion on said sleeve 14, and has in one side a cam-groove, 15. Said pulley 32 is grooved in its periphery, as shown, to adapt it to be operated by the usual hand-cord running up and down in an elevator-well, whereby the pulley is given the above referred to reciprocating rotary motion for the purpose of effecting the reverse motions of the motor. A cam, 33, is bolted in a fixed position on the end of said sleeve 14, and on the said rear end of the valve 31 is fixed a ratchet-gear, 34, to the face of whichisfixed asegmental yoke-plate, 35. Outside ofsaid yoke-plate 35, on the end ofthe shaft 30, is fixed aclutch-pnlley, 40, havinga projection, 16, on its outer face, which is adapted to engage'in a transverse groove, 17, in the side of a second clutch-pulley, 39, for a purpose hereinafter described. (See Fig. 6.) On the shaft 30, between the said clutch-pulley 40 and the ratchet-gear 34, are hung two valve-controlling segments, 41, each of which has a pin, 42, fixed therein and projecting from its face, each of which pins is adapted to engage alternately with one end of said yoke 35 on opposite sides of the end of the valve 31. (Shown in Fig. 5.) The said segments 41 are free to have a swinging motion on the shaft 30, and each one has a lip, 18, which projects over the periphery of the pulley 40, and in said lips is a groove, 44, through which'a screw-bolt, 43, passes into the periphery of said pulley 40. The purpose ofsaid bolts 43 is to provide means for adjusting the segments 41 to bring them to proper operative positions relative to the said yoke 35, and, furthermore, to cause the pins 42 thereon to have a proper engagement with said yoke relative to the action of the camgroove 15 in the side of the pulley 32 in opening and shutting the stop-valve 13, as hereinafter described.

In Fig. 6 it is shown that the segments 41 occupy positions which so separate the pins 42 thereon that when one of said pins is in engagement with one end of the yoke 35 the latter and the valve 31 may be turned by operating said pulley 32, so as to reverse the motion of the motor before the disengaged end of the yoke strikes the pin 42 of the other segment. This provides for setting the said valve for reversing the motor without moving shaft 30 when turning said pulley 32; but when the valve 31 has been set so that one of said pins is engaged by said yoke, and the driving-shaft is in motion, the latter, through pulley 40 and one of said segments engaging with the yoke 35, imparts the shat'tmotion to said valve. A pawl, 36, is pivoted on the side of said pulley 32 adjoining the border of said cam 33, and has a pin, 19, projecting from one side thereof, with which the border of said cam engages. The pawl 36 is adapted to engage with the ratchet-gear 34, as shown in Fig. 5, a spring, 37, attached to the pulley 32, having its free end bearing against the pawl, whereby the end of the latter is held in engagement with said gear. It will be borne in mind that the cam 33 has a fixed position on the end of the sleeve 14, and that the pulley 32 is capable of more or less reciprocating rotary motion on said sleeve, and hence, when the pulley is given such motion the pawl is caused to be lifted from and dropped into engagement with the gear 34 by reason of the engagement of said pin on the pawl with the'border of said cam.

A winding-drum, 20, adapted to have an elevator-rope, 21, wound thereon, is hung to rotate in bearings in suitable standards on or near the base of the motor, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and on the shaft of said drum is fixed a gear, 22, which engages with a gear, 23, fixed on the end of a shaft, 24, having a suitable bearing in standards on or near the motorbase, as shown. On said shaft 24 is fixed a worm-gear, 25, with which a worm, 26, engages, which is fixed on a shaft, 38, having a bearing in the top of the standard 27. On the end of said shaft 38 (see Fig.6) adjoining the side of the clutch-pulley 40 is fixed the aforesaid eluteh-pulley 39, and by means of said clutch-pulleys the rotary motion of the driving-shaft 30 is imparted to said shaft 38 and worm 26, whereby the winding-drum is given the requisite rotary motions.

The connection of the shaft 38 with the driving-shaft 30 by means of the above-described clutch-pulleys is provided simply so that by removing the shaft 38 from its standard the elevator devices--such as the winding-drum, Sta-may be entirely disconnected from the motor, thereby leaving the latter free to be used, if need be, for other purposes than for operating the elevator devices.

A connecting-rod, 28, is connected with the spindle 29, and has an upper bifurcated end which engages with said hub on the pulley 32, and said bifurcated end has a pin, 50, in its side, which engages in the cam-groove 15 in the side of said pulley,whereby when the latter is given by the aforesaid hand-cord the requisite reciprocating rotary motions to change the position of the valve 31, thereby reversing the motions of the motor, the stop-valve 13 is opened and shut, so that when the valve is brought to the desired positions the stop-valve will be operated at the right time.

The operation of the above-described improvements is as follows: Supposing the motor to be at rest and the position of the pawl, as shown in Fig. 5, to be that which it occupies when the valve 31 is in such a position as to 'cause the motor to rotate in a given direction when the stop-valve 13 shall be opened, then to start the motor the pulley 32 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon, thereby causing the stop-valve 13 to beopened and the pawl 36 to be lifted out of engagement with the gear 34 and carried around with said pulley. The motor is thus started, and. its shaft and the valve 31 are given a rotary motion, said valve being indirectly connected with the shaft by means of said pulley 40, the pin-bearing segments 41, and the yoke 35. The degree of the said rotation of the pulley 32 to start the motor, as stated, is such as carries the pawl out of engagement with the gear 34 and opens the stop-valve. The motor is stopped by turning pulley 32 back to the position shown in Fig. 5 but to reverse the inotion of the motor the said pulley is turned in the direction reverse to that indicated by the arrow thereon, the pawl remaining in engagement with the gear 34, thereby turning the valve 31 and changing its position relative to the water-passages of the cylinders, as above described, the said motion of the pulley 32 serving again to open the stop-valve 13, so that the water can again enter the motor, and the said pulley is stopped when the pawl stands about centrally over the cam, and when so stopped the valve 13 is open and the motor is running, and to again stop the motor the pulley 32 is turned to carry the pawl to the opposite sideof the cam to that where it is shown to stand in Fig. 5, or at a: in said figure; or, in other words, considering that when the pin 19 on the pawl is at the center of the cam, the motor is running at full head, and therefore to stop it and reverse it pulley 32 is revolved to carry the pawl in either direction toward the end of the cam, Where it engages with the gear 34, and the further movement of said pulley after said pawl engagement, continued from end to end of the cam, serves to reverse the motion of the motor by turning valve 31 to the required position and leaving the pawl in the position shown in Fig. 5, or at a: in same figure, either of which positions the pawl occupies when the motor is at rest.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The driving-shaft of the motor, the valve 31, through which said shaft passes, a ratchet gear, 3%, fixed on the end of said valve, having a yoke, 35, thereon, a pulley, 40, fixed on said shaft, two valve-controlling segments, 41, adjustabl y connected to said pulley and each having an engagement with said yoke, a cam, 33, fixed at the end of the valve case, combined with a reversingpulley, 32, having a free rotary motion at the side of said cam, a starting and stopping valve connected with said reversing-pulley, and a pawl, 36, hung on the side of said last-named pulley, capable of engaging with said ratchet-gear and with said cam, substantially as set forth.

2. The reversing-pulley 32, having a camgroove, 15, in one side thereof, the stop-valve 13, the connecting-rod 28, connected with said valve and having an engagement with said camgroove, the pawl 36, hung on the side of said pulley, and the ratchet-gear 34, combined with the fixed cam 33, controlling the engage ment of said'pawl with said gear, substantially as set forth.

3. A hydraulic motor, substantially as de scribed, comprising a valve-case and a driving-shaft, a cam, 33, fixed at the end of said valve-case, combined with a valve, 31, located 011 and having an indirect connection, substantially as described, with said driving-shaft, whereby it is capable of adegree of rotary motion independent of said shaft, a gear fixed on said valve, and a reversing-pulley, 32, having a pawl thereon capable by means of said cam of alternate engagement with and disengagement from said gear, substantially as set forth.

4. A motor, substantially as described, and its drivingshaft, a reversingpulley hung 011 the motor-case and capable of being turned thereon, the motor-valve having one end projecting from said case and having a ratchetgear fixed thereon, a yoke, as described, fixed on said gear, a pawl hung on said reversingpulley engaging wit-h said gear, combined with a pulley fixed on said driving-shafthaving two pivoted segments thereon, each of which has a pin capable of engaging with the opposite ends of said yoke, substantially as set forth.

ELTJAH B. BENHAM.

\Vitnesses:

H. A. CHAPIN, G. M. CHAMBERLAIN. 

